We've been long aware about the possible harm that high-fat-diet could do for our cardiovascular system. Taking greasy fries out of our meals is a way to help us stay away from heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes, but it may sound unusual to associate it to doing any good to our immune system. Recent studies suggested that high fat diet could cause more severe diseases in autoimmune diseases.
The study published in Immunity (Haghikia and Jo¨rg et al. ) studied the role of two types of fatty acids, short-chain and long-chain fatty acid, on autoimmune diseases. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) role are solely metabolized by gut bacteria from otherwise indigestible carbohydrates (e.g. dietary fiber); on the other hand, long-chain FAs (LCFAs) come from regular dietary fat. They kept mice that had neural autoimmune disease (autoimmune encephalomyelitis/EAE) with food enriched with SCFAs, LCFAs or control food to compare disease progression. As a result, mice treated with LCFAs suffered more severe autoimmune symptoms compared to control mice, while mice taking SCFAs showed better clinical outcomes.
In fact, LCFAs and SCFAs in the mice's diet shifted the balance between two types of immune cells in the gut, pro-inflammatory immune cells (i.e. Th1 and Th17) and inhibitory immune cells (i.e. Treg). LCFAs can potentiate the functions of Th1/17, while SCFAs can promote Treg development and activities ex vivo and in the gut of mouse. Such pro vs. anti-inflammatory fluctuation affect the immune cell dynamics in the spinal cord as the cells infiltrate at the inflammatory sites, rendering a more severe or ameliorated disease course.
It always confuses me so much when all different dieting trends come along on the internet and brand themselves as the ultimate. I'm not yet sold to any one of them, probably only because I'm too much of a foodie to give up all meat/egg/dairies/beans/carb/etc... in my meals. However, I do have more motivation now to cut down dietary fat and to replace with more fibers.
The study published in Immunity (Haghikia and Jo¨rg et al. ) studied the role of two types of fatty acids, short-chain and long-chain fatty acid, on autoimmune diseases. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) role are solely metabolized by gut bacteria from otherwise indigestible carbohydrates (e.g. dietary fiber); on the other hand, long-chain FAs (LCFAs) come from regular dietary fat. They kept mice that had neural autoimmune disease (autoimmune encephalomyelitis/EAE) with food enriched with SCFAs, LCFAs or control food to compare disease progression. As a result, mice treated with LCFAs suffered more severe autoimmune symptoms compared to control mice, while mice taking SCFAs showed better clinical outcomes.
In fact, LCFAs and SCFAs in the mice's diet shifted the balance between two types of immune cells in the gut, pro-inflammatory immune cells (i.e. Th1 and Th17) and inhibitory immune cells (i.e. Treg). LCFAs can potentiate the functions of Th1/17, while SCFAs can promote Treg development and activities ex vivo and in the gut of mouse. Such pro vs. anti-inflammatory fluctuation affect the immune cell dynamics in the spinal cord as the cells infiltrate at the inflammatory sites, rendering a more severe or ameliorated disease course.
It always confuses me so much when all different dieting trends come along on the internet and brand themselves as the ultimate. I'm not yet sold to any one of them, probably only because I'm too much of a foodie to give up all meat/egg/dairies/beans/carb/etc... in my meals. However, I do have more motivation now to cut down dietary fat and to replace with more fibers.
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